Evolutionary model, jo ki Iterative and Incremental model ke roop mein bhi jaana jaata hai, software development process ka ek flexible aur iterative approach hai. Is model mein software product ko multiple iterations aur increments mein develop kiya jata hai. Har iteration mein requirements analysis, design, implementation, aur testing ke subset ko focus kiya jata hai. Har iteration ke baad software incrementally grow hota hai aur feedback ke aadhar par improvements aur enhancements kiye jate hain.
Evolutionary model ke kuch pramukh characteristics hain:
- Iterative Approach: Evolutionary model mein software development iterative process hai, jismein chhoti iterations mein development ka focus hota hai. Har iteration mein requirements, design, implementation, aur testing ke subset ko ek complete increment ke roop mein develop kiya jata hai.
- Continuous Feedback: Har iteration ke baad feedback loop ko integrate kiya jata hai. Customers aur stakeholders se feedback collect kiya jata hai, aur is feedback ke aadhar par product ko refine aur improve kiya jata hai. Isse customer satisfaction aur requirements ko better address karne ka mauka milta hai.
- Incremental Growth: Evolutionary model mein software incrementally grow hota hai. Har iteration ke baad product ke features aur functionality mein increments add hote hain. Har increment ke baad product ke functionality aur complexity increase hoti hai.
- Risk Management: Evolutionary model mein risk management ka mahatva hota hai. Early iterations mein risks aur issues identify kiye jate hain aur unko address karne ke liye appropriate steps liye jate hain. Risk management activities har iteration ke saath integrate kiye jate hain.
- Flexibility: Evolutionary model mein flexibility hoti hai. Requirements aur design ke saath evolve karne ke liye scope redefinition aur changes ko incorporate kiya ja sakta hai. Isse software ko adaptability aur customer requirements ko better fulfill karne ka mauka milta hai.
- Customer Involvement: Evolutionary model mein customer aur stakeholders ka active involvement hota hai. Har iteration ke baad unse feedback liya jata hai, jisse unki changing needs aur requirements ko better address kiya ja sakta hai.
Evolutionary model ke advantages hain ki ismein flexibility aur adaptability hoti hai, customer involvement aur satisfaction ka focus hota hai, early feedback aur risk management ki suvidha milti hai, aur software product ka early delivery possible hota hai.
Lekin, is model ke kuch limitations bhi hain, jaise increased complexity due to incremental growth, increased coordination aur management effort, aur time-consuming nature of multiple iterations.
Evolutionary model ko un projects mein jyada upyog karna suitable hai, jahan requirements evolving hain, customer involvement aur feedback important hai, aur flexibility aur adaptability ki zarurat hai. Is model ko software product development, large-scale projects, aur innovative projects mein often istemal kiya jata hai.